One of those frustrating head scratchers....
I have a trio of Atlas GPs. I have a double-ended staging yard that makes the visible point-to-point run a continuous loop. One lap is about 150 feet. I use them on a non-stop thru train, out from and back to staging, a couple of times per operating sequence (it may take me days or weeks to complete a sequence, operating whenever I can get in the train room). They always ran just fine. Then they started running like crap. Wheels were full of gunk. Cleaned the wheels using the old denatured-alcohol-on-the-paper-towel trick. Problem solved. But not really. In no time at all, wheels were full of gunk again. The wheels would gunk-up again after only a 2 or three runs. Over 2 dozen other locomotives would be fine after many more sequences. Cleaned all the track. No change. I happened to be reading a track cleaning post that noted often dirt is often picked up and spread around. So I looked at some freight car and noticed the metal wheels needed a good clean. Cleaned the wheels on over 200 cars, cleaned all the track again. Cleaned all the loco wheels. No change with these three. So I ordered and installed replacement wheel sets from Atlas.
They run like new now for as long as all the others before needing a cleaning.
Can’t figure out why only these 24 wheels got so dirty so fast…