Although all the methods I listed worked for me, it isn't necessary to do all of this very often. Once I have an engine tuned up, it'll run trouble-free for many months with little more than an occasional wheel cleaning. And on my ATSF 2-10-4, I had to replace the motor which eventually burned out under heavy load pulling. The tiny little stock motor was really too small for that engine. I ended up installing a Sagami motor I bought from Northwest Short Line. Even though the Sagami suffers from "cogging" at low RPM's, it smooths out at speeds above 10 smph or so. Its larger diameter and superior construction make it a very good match for this big loco. It's a tight fit because the cab is sealed off from the boiler/firebox by a solid brass bulkhead (backhead) that I didn't want to cut away. So any replacement motor can't be too long.