Author Topic: What's inside those Power "Bricks?"  (Read 2913 times)

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Point353

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Re: What's inside those Power "Bricks?"
« Reply #60 on: September 17, 2026, 03:06:51 PM »
0

Mouser has in stock thousands of all three types of transistors used in MRC 1370.

$2 Bill

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Re: What's inside those Power "Bricks?"
« Reply #61 on: September 17, 2026, 09:06:35 PM »
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You seem to have a serious paranoia about the household power being full of nasty spikes.  In my 6 decades of life I have never experienced damage to any electrical or electronic device which would have a footprint of being damaged by poor quality 120V AC.  Maybe different  parts of the country have issues with. It seems that power in the Northeast USA is fairly "clean".  At least in my experience.

Maybe you had some bad experiences with "dirty" AC power, so you just want to warn others about possible problems?
Linemen, Electricians & many others cringe @ that & say otherwise.

To start I & many others live where the Power goes out often for many reasons. That alone make many problems & why people shut off many things because when power come up again is often way "Dirty" as just HVAC & other heaters/coolers in other homes start @ same time. Worse if the outage includes some type of business(es) with big loads starting too. 

Home etc is often Split Phase 240AC... Feeding that is ~ 7000v or 12000+v or even higher before pole/pedestal transformers work to get that 240v. Just a Branch of a Tree or a Suicide Squirrel Touching High Volt wires can cause a line to spike dip surge or all 3 happening fast often before the line might blow a fuse or breaker. That's 1 of Thousands reasons Outside of a Premise like Home or Business have power problems. But my power is under ground... Often that doesn't matter or have Worse problems. Big 1 is many Ignore 811 & Damage or Cut Buried Wires & Pipes. Even when underground power @/near you often have pole/tower lines feeding your "last mile" so end result often have same tree/animal issues.

Inside a place have more sources of electric problems...

You can watch 120/240AC on an O-scope for Weeks to Years & never see most problems because of time duration of those problems. Surges & Dips can be only a few Cycles @ random intervals. Spikes can be a few Milli to Micro seconds slamming everything with Hundreds to Thousands of Volts also @ random intervals. Plus Most Test equipment uses TVS Diodes, MOV, & other parts to stop a Spike @ the Input Terminals before anything else sees the feed.

This is Why they make Power Monitors costing Hundreds to Thousands of $ use by Data Centers & more places for Decades to Track power problems that shows how "bad" main power often is. Enterprise Line Conditioners & UPS & software for them has Monitoring Features to record some of these events. Even if a Consumer UPS had this (News Flash, Many Do) most never install the software & the data cable.

NFPA Electrical Code & others didn't add Surge Protection in Load Centers @ a whim. These try to Block Spikes etc from Entering a Premise or between branches like HVAC or Electric-stove spiking other branches. 

Even Relays, Motors, & more In a Product need "Flyback" Diodes, Snubbers, etc to stop back feeds & other problems when you turn them On & Off. Some DCC parts may have protection but most DC packs, motors & other parts don't. Old Track switch "motors," motorize RR crossing & more getting power from the track or fix power from a DC "Brick" can cause same problems because they often have Zero protection.

That's only a start of power issues to/in a house or device. Vehicles have similar to more power problems & big reason why many Fail @ LED "upgrades" to replace standard bulb types.

peteski

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Re: What's inside those Power "Bricks?"
« Reply #62 on: September 17, 2026, 09:36:28 PM »
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$2 Bill, now I know exactly where you stand.
. . . 42 . . .

$2 Bill

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Re: What's inside those Power "Bricks?"
« Reply #63 on: September 17, 2026, 09:38:14 PM »
0
Mouser has in stock thousands of all three types of transistors used in MRC 1370.
Some have them, others not. Some have them but "wrong" format that can affect the wiring. Some have them in the "right" format until stock is gone & won't/can't replace them. Doesn't matter much either way as you can replace all of them with another Jelly Bean part.

TIP142 & others are "too big" meaning Amp Ratings just so it handles the load without much heating & why can use a very small heatsink with no airflow.

$2 Bill

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Re: What's inside those Power "Bricks?"
« Reply #64 on: September 17, 2026, 09:40:44 PM »
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$2 Bill, now I know exactly where you stand.
Believe whatever you want...

Point353

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Re: Correction Ref to RP 1370.
« Reply #65 on: September 17, 2026, 10:32:12 PM »
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Little or Nothing is going to block problems from 120AC side getting @ DCC or other Electronics.

If you're concerned about susceptibility to transients on the AC line input, you could consider connecting an MOV or TransZorb type device across the AC Accessory terminals on the (out)side of the power pack.

$2 Bill

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Re: Hornby HM2000
« Reply #66 on: September 22, 2026, 04:05:47 PM »
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Bad weather so look @ above videos again...

Enough data shown to make a Schematic of Hornby HM2000 Right of the train section from stills taken from above video.
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Able to ID D1 - D4 as 8 large diodes shows different sections of PN.
Other Diodes unknown likely doesn't matter much.
R7 180Ω is a "power resistor" maybe 1W or bit more.

Transformer has 3 outputs, 2 for trains, 1 fix volts, but no clue exact setup of this. Remember this unit is for UK get 240VAC 50Hz (& is larger then equiv 120VAC 60Hz just for that.) while schematic just shows simply generic transformer.

KiCad didn't have symbol for 2N6027 so quickly made one off of something else. Also reused another symbol for C601. I'm not making or emulating power packs to care.

But SCR/Thyristors don't work on DC...
Unfiltered DC from Half or Full wave will because reaches 0V or below Latching/Holding Current between wave forms.

$2 Bill

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Re: Correction Ref to RP 1370.
« Reply #67 on: September 22, 2026, 06:08:48 PM »
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If you're concerned about susceptibility to transients on the AC line input, you could consider connecting an MOV or TransZorb type device across the AC Accessory terminals on the (out)side of the power pack.
Could do that but may not help for various reasons.

Good Power Strips & related have MOV etc between Hot - Neutral, H - Ground, & N - G maybe labeled as tri mode surge protection "killing" most Surges & Spikes on 120v side. I just use them @ minimum to protect most things.

Various ways to prevent problems on Low Volt side too. Tech2 2500 has a "Flyback" diode near the Direction Switch preventing DC Train Motors zapping it. PWM switches Full On & Off many times a second can cause Flyback Problems VS most other speed controllers controlling DC trains that truly "Fade to Black." Ignoring people switching Directions @ Higher to Full Speeds causing many problems. 1 Knob controller are Very Cheap but also force users to Stop to change direction.

For others, TransZorb or TRANSZORB is TM of Vishay for their TVS diodes. Can use these Diodes alone or with other types or filters.